{"id":36529,"date":"2023-09-04T17:28:56","date_gmt":"2023-09-04T21:28:56","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/edyka.org\/for-school\/lecture\/"},"modified":"2023-11-20T10:22:25","modified_gmt":"2023-11-20T15:22:25","slug":"reading","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/edyka.org\/en\/for-school\/reading\/","title":{"rendered":"Reading"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column el_align=”center”][vc_custom_heading text=”READING” font_container=”tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23011eaa” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_single_image image=”17942″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row equal_height=”yes”][vc_column width=”1\/2″ css=”.vc_custom_1695853747737{margin-bottom: 6% !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}”][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1700493738648{margin-right: 4% !important;margin-left: 2% !important;padding-top: 25% !important;padding-right: 10% !important;padding-bottom: 25% !important;padding-left: 10% !important;}”]<\/p>\n

Some children,<\/h4>\n

including\u00a0dyslexic children<\/span><\/strong>,<\/h4>\n

and children with intellectual development disorder,<\/span><\/h4>\n

may have difficulty\u00a0reading.<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″ css=”.vc_custom_1693330892495{margin-right: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-right-width: 0px !important;border-left-width: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}”][vc_single_image image=”36656″ img_size=”full” css=”.vc_custom_1695853717866{margin-right: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-right-width: 0px !important;border-left-width: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]

<\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column el_align=”center”][vc_custom_heading text=”SCHOOL CHALLENGES” font_container=”tag:h2|text_align:center|color:%23011eaa” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_single_image image=”17942″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row equal_height=”yes” css=”.vc_custom_1693003971059{padding-right: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}”][vc_column el_align=”center” width=”1\/2″ css=”.vc_custom_1693003845282{padding-top: 8% !important;background-color: #011eaa !important;}”][vc_column_text el_class=”color-white”]<\/p>\n

Decoding and fluency<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text el_class=”color-white” css=”.vc_custom_1695261817471{padding-top: 10% !important;padding-right: 5% !important;padding-left: 7% !important;}”]<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Have difficulty recognizing and quickly associating letters with their corresponding sounds.<\/li>\n
  • Make reading errors, such as reversing or confusing letters, which affect their ability to read fluently and automatically.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″ css=”.vc_custom_1693345602279{padding-right: 55px !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}”][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695261844824{padding-top: 8% !important;}”]<\/p>\n

    Understanding reading<\/span><\/strong><\/h4>\n

    [\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695262159990{padding-right: 5% !important;padding-left: 7% !important;}”]<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Decoding and fluency<\/span><\/strong> problems.<\/li>\n
    • Problems understanding <\/span><\/strong> the meaning of words<\/span><\/strong>, sentences\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>and texts.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n
    • Difficulty making connections <\/span><\/strong> between main ideas and details<\/li>\n
    • Inferring informations<\/span><\/strong> not explicitly mentioned,<\/li>\n
    • Comprehension of complex<\/span><\/strong> vocabulary,\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n
    • Grasping <\/span><\/strong> the author’s tone <\/span><\/strong>or intention.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column]

      <\/div>[\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column el_align=”center”][vc_custom_heading text=”SCHOOL STRATEGIES” font_container=”tag:h2|text_align:center|color:%23011eaa” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_single_image image=”17942″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695262216663{margin-top: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 2% !important;padding-right: 15% !important;padding-bottom: 2% !important;padding-left: 15% !important;background-color: #011eaa !important;}” el_class=”color-white”]<\/p>\n

      1. Page layout<\/span><\/h4>\n

      [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1693694286272{margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;}”][vc_column width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695262236431{margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 3% !important;padding-right: 15% !important;padding-bottom: 2% !important;padding-left: 15% !important;background-color: #011eaa !important;}” el_class=”color-white”]<\/p>\n

      Font<\/span><\/h4>\n

      [\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695265088661{margin-top: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 7% !important;padding-right: 5% !important;padding-bottom: 7% !important;padding-left: 5% !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}”]<\/p>\n

        \n
      • Among classic fonts, we recommend sans serifs such as Arial\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>and\u00a0Comic Sans<\/span><\/strong>.<\/li>\n
      • Verdana, Tahoma, Century Gothic<\/span><\/strong> are good alternatives.<\/li>\n
      • A font size large enough<\/span><\/strong> for comfortable reading. The recommended font size is generally between 12 and 14 points,<\/span><\/strong> or even larger if necessary.<\/li>\n
      • Some fonts have been specially designed to improve legibility for dyslexic people. These fonts, such as ‘Dyslexia’<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0and ‘Lexie Readable’<\/span><\/strong>, feature visual characteristics that help differentiate between similar letters and facilitate word recognition.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        It should be noted, however, that there is no clear consensus <\/span><\/strong><\/em> in the scientific community as to the effectiveness<\/span><\/strong><\/em> of special fonts<\/span><\/strong><\/em> for dyslexic people. Study results are contradictory and inconclusive. Some researchers believe that the perceived benefits may have more to do with other factors, such as text layout, font size or letter spacing, than with specific characteristics of the font itself.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″][vc_single_image image=”35790″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1693694286272{margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image image=”35826″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695262595375{margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 3% !important;padding-right: 15% !important;padding-bottom: 2% !important;padding-left: 15% !important;background-color: #011eaa !important;}” el_class=”color-white”]<\/p>\n

        Line Spacing and Alignment<\/span><\/h4>\n

        [\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695263990413{margin-top: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 14% !important;padding-right: 5% !important;padding-bottom: 26% !important;padding-left: 7% !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}”]<\/p>\n

          \n
        • Greater spacing <\/span><\/strong> between letters and characters improves legibility<\/span><\/strong>, ideally around 35 %<\/span><\/strong> of the average letter width. Word\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>spacing<\/span><\/strong> should be at least 3,5 times greater <\/span><\/strong> than letter spacing.<\/li>\n
        • Larger line spacing <\/span><\/strong> improves legibility and should be proportional to word spacing; 1,5\/150 %<\/span><\/strong> is preferable.<\/li>\n
        • Left-hand<\/span><\/strong> alignment<\/span><\/strong> clearly<\/span><\/strong> identifies line starters<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0and facilitates word recognition,<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n
        • Wide margins\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>prevent text from being too close to the edges of the page, improving legibility and reducing<\/span><\/strong> visual\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>confusion<\/span><\/strong>.<\/li>\n
        • Empty<\/span><\/strong> spaces<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0between paragraphs or sections improve text\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>clarity<\/span><\/strong> and organization<\/span><\/strong>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row equal_height=”yes”][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695263104284{margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 3% !important;padding-right: 15% !important;padding-bottom: 2% !important;padding-left: 15% !important;background-color: #011eaa !important;}” el_class=”color-white”]<\/p>\n

          \u00a0Text structure and highlighting<\/span><\/h4>\n

          [\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695264005293{margin-top: 0px !important;margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 12% !important;padding-right: 7% !important;padding-bottom: 11% !important;padding-left: 5% !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}”]<\/p>\n

            \n
          • Clear headings and sub-headings<\/span><\/strong> to organize content make it easier for children to find their way between the different parts of the text and orientate themselves as they read.<\/li>\n
          • Bullets or numbers\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>clarify the sequence and structure of content when presenting information in list form.<\/li>\n
          • Underlining and italics\u00a0<\/span><\/strong> give the impression that the text is flowing and cause overcrowding. Bold\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>highlights words, but don’t overdo it. Borders or boxes\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>isolate key information or examples.<\/li>\n
          • Illustrations<\/span><\/strong>, diagrams<\/span><\/strong> or relevant images<\/span><\/strong> help to understand and remember content. Illustrations should be clear and illustrate the text.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image image=”35820″ img_size=”large” alignment=”center”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row equal_height=”yes”][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image image=”35818″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center”][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695263400685{margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 3% !important;padding-right: 15% !important;padding-bottom: 2% !important;padding-left: 15% !important;background-color: #011eaa !important;}” el_class=”color-white”]<\/p>\n

            Colors<\/span><\/h4>\n

            [\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695264022028{margin-top: 0px !important;margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 8% !important;padding-right: 5% !important;padding-bottom: 11% !important;padding-left: 5% !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}”]<\/p>\n

              \n
            • Colored<\/span><\/strong> or lightly<\/span>\u00a0tinted\u00a0paper<\/span><\/strong> reduces visuel fatigue<\/span><\/strong> and contrast between text and background. Light shades of blue, beige or gray are often recommended.<\/li>\n
            • Color combinations offer high<\/span><\/strong> contrast<\/span><\/strong> between the text and the background <\/span><\/strong>. For example, dark text on a light background, or vice versa. Bright, saturated colors can sometimes cause visual fatigue or distraction. Slightly muted colors <\/span><\/strong> or softer tones are preferable.<\/li>\n
            • Don’t overlay<\/span><\/strong> too many<\/span><\/strong> different<\/span><\/strong> colors<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0in the same text, as this can also create confusion.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1693105495171{margin-top: 2% !important;}”][vc_column][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695264136477{padding-top: 3% !important;padding-right: 15% !important;padding-bottom: 2% !important;padding-left: 15% !important;background-color: #011eaa !important;}” el_class=”color-white”]<\/p>\n

              2. Reading guides\u00a0<\/span><\/h4>\n

              [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695265249177{margin-top: 0px !important;margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 17% !important;padding-right: 10% !important;padding-bottom: 17% !important;padding-left: 10% !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}”]Reading guides, also known as reading rules<\/span><\/strong>, are visual tools that help focus attention<\/span><\/strong> on one line of text at a time. They reduce visual confusion<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0and improve concentration and reading fluency.<\/p>\n

              Reading rulers are also available in digital versions<\/span><\/strong>.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image image=”35822″ img_size=”full” alignment=”center”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row equal_height=”yes”][vc_column width=”1\/3″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695264281410{margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 5% !important;padding-right: 15% !important;padding-bottom: 5% !important;padding-left: 15% !important;background-color: #011eaa !important;}” el_class=”color-white”]<\/p>\n

              3. Audio books<\/span><\/h4>\n

              [\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695264437693{margin-top: 0px !important;margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 5% !important;padding-right: 7% !important;padding-bottom: 5% !important;padding-left: 7% !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}”]Audio books enable children to enjoy reading by listening to the texts<\/span><\/strong> instead of reading them. This improves comprehension<\/span><\/strong>, and children enjoy\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>literature<\/span><\/strong> without the difficulties associated with reading.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695264291875{margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 5% !important;padding-right: 15% !important;padding-bottom: 5% !important;padding-left: 15% !important;background-color: #011eaa !important;}” el_class=”color-white”]<\/p>\n

              4. Books<\/span><\/h4>\n

              [\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695265340077{margin-top: 0px !important;margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 5% !important;padding-right: 7% !important;padding-bottom: 12% !important;padding-left: 7% !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}”]Some publishers offer books specially designed for dyslexic children, using adapted fonts<\/span><\/strong>, special layouts <\/span><\/strong> and other visual<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0elements<\/span><\/strong> to make reading easier.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695264339859{margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 2% !important;padding-right: 15% !important;padding-bottom: 2% !important;padding-left: 15% !important;background-color: #011eaa !important;}” el_class=”color-white”]<\/p>\n

              5. Methods for learning to read<\/span><\/h4>\n

              [\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695264640244{margin-top: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 5% !important;padding-right: 5% !important;padding-bottom: 5% !important;padding-left: 7% !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}”]There are several reading methods<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0adapted to these children. One of the recommended methods is the so-called ‘multisensory’\u00a0method<\/span><\/strong>, which combines different senses in learning to read.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row css=”.vc_custom_1693694286272{margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;}”][vc_column width=”1\/3″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695264685226{margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 2% !important;padding-right: 15% !important;padding-bottom: 2% !important;padding-left: 15% !important;background-color: #011eaa !important;}” el_class=”color-white”]<\/p>\n

              6. Assisted reading softwares<\/span><\/h4>\n

              [\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695265468344{margin-top: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 8% !important;padding-right: 7% !important;padding-bottom: 19% !important;padding-left: 7% !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}”]In primary schools, assisted reading software offers several advantages.<\/p>\n

              It improves reading comprehension<\/span><\/strong> when the child listens to the text read aloud. It facilitates access to written content<\/span><\/strong> and boosts\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>the child’s self-confidence\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>by encouraging more fluent, independent reading.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″][vc_single_image image=”35778″ img_size=”large” alignment=”center”][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695265012995{margin-bottom: 0px !important;border-bottom-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 5% !important;padding-right: 15% !important;padding-bottom: 5% !important;padding-left: 15% !important;background-color: #011eaa !important;}” el_class=”color-white”]<\/p>\n

              7. Reading glasses<\/span><\/h4>\n

              [\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1695265509028{margin-top: 0px !important;border-top-width: 0px !important;padding-top: 5% !important;padding-right: 5% !important;padding-bottom: 3% !important;padding-left: 7% !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}”]Reading glasses\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>for dyslexics are designed to improve reading<\/span><\/strong> by alleviating certain symptoms associated with dyslexia, such as disordered<\/span><\/strong> eye <\/span><\/strong>movements<\/span><\/strong> and difficulty in maintaining concentration<\/span><\/strong>.<\/p>\n

              However, it should be noted that the effectiveness of reading glasses<\/span><\/strong>\u00a0for dyslexics has not been conclusively demonstrated.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              [vc_row][vc_column el_align=”center”][vc_custom_heading text=”READING” font_container=”tag:h2|text_align:left|color:%23011eaa” use_theme_fonts=”yes”][vc_single_image image=”17942″ img_size=”full”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row equal_height=”yes”][vc_column width=”1\/2″ css=”.vc_custom_1695853747737{margin-bottom: 6% !important;background-color: #efefef !important;}”][vc_column_text css=”.vc_custom_1700493738648{margin-right: 4% !important;margin-left: 2% !important;padding-top: 25% !important;padding-right: 10% !important;padding-bottom: 25% !important;padding-left: 10% !important;}”] Some children, including\u00a0dyslexic children, and children with intellectual development disorder, may have difficulty\u00a0reading. [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″ css=”.vc_custom_1693330892495{margin-right: 0px !important;margin-left: 0px !important;border-right-width: 0px !important;border-left-width: 0px !important;padding-right: 0px !important;padding-left: 0px !important;}”][vc_single_image […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":214465250,"featured_media":0,"parent":20517,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-36529","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/edyka.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/36529","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/edyka.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/edyka.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edyka.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/214465250"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edyka.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36529"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/edyka.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/36529\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":37056,"href":"https:\/\/edyka.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/36529\/revisions\/37056"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/edyka.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20517"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/edyka.org\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36529"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}